1.1.1 Planning (1) : understand experimental design including to solve problems set in a practical context

1.1.1 Planning (2) : understand identification of variables that must be controlled where appropriate

1.1.1 Planning (3) : understand evaluation that an experimental method is appropriate to meet the expected outcomes.

1.1.2 Implementing (1) : understand how to use a wide range of practical apparatus and techniques correctly

1.1.2 Implementing (2) : understand appropriate units for measurements

1.1.2 Implementing (3) : understand presenting observations and data in an appropriate format.

1.1.3 Analysis (1) : understand processing, analysing and interpreting qualitative and quantitative experimental results

1.1.3 Analysis (2) : understand use of appropriate mathematical skills for analysis of quantitative data

1.1.3 Analysis (3) : understand appropriate use of significant figures

1.1.3 Analysis (4) : understand plotting and interpreting suitable graphs from experimental results including selection and labelling of axes with appropriate scales, quantities and units (ii) measurement of gradients and intercepts.

1.1.4 Evaluation (1) : understand how to evaluate results and draw conclusions

1.1.4 Evaluation (2) : understand the identification of anomalies in experimental measurements

1.1.4 Evaluation (3) : understand the limitations in experimental procedures

1.1.4 Evaluation (4) : understand precision and accuracy of measurements and data including margins of error, percentage errors and uncertainties in apparatus
uncertainties_hw

1.1.4 Evaluation (5) : understand the refining of experimental design by suggestion of improvements to the procedures and apparatus.

1.2.1 Practical skills (1) : understand Independent thinking ie apply investigative approaches and methods to practical work

1.2.1 Practical skills (2) : understand Use and application of scientific methods and practices safely and correctly use a range of practical equipment and materials

1.2.1 Practical skills (3) : understand how to follow written instructions

1.2.1 Practical skills (4) : understand how to make and record observations/measurements

1.2.1 Practical skills (5) : understand how to keep appropriate records of experimental activities

1.2.1 Practical skills (6) : understand how to present information and data in a scientific way

1.2.1 Practical skills (7) : understand use of appropriate software and tools to process data and carry out research and report findings

1.2.1 Practical skills (8) : understand how to research and reference with online and offline research skills including websites, textbooks and other printed scientific sources of information

1.2.1 Practical skills (9) : understand how to correctly cite sources of information

1.2.1 Practical skills (10) : understand instruments and equipment, using a wide range of experimental and practical instruments, equipment and techniques appropriate to the knowledge and understanding included in the specification.

1.2.2 Use of apparatus and techniques (1) : understand use of appropriate analogue apparatus to record a range of measurements (to include length/distance, temperature, pressure, force, angles and volume) and to interpolate between scale markings

1.2.2 Use of apparatus and techniques (2) : understand use of appropriate digital instruments including electrical multimeters to obtain a range of measurements (to include time, current, voltage, resistance and mass)

1.2.2 Use of apparatus and techniques (3) : understand use of methods to increase accuracy of measurements such as timing over multiple oscillations or use of fiduciary marker, set square or plumb line

1.2.2 Use of apparatus and techniques (4) : understand use of a stopwatch or light gates for timing

1.2.2 Use of apparatus and techniques (5) : understand use of calipers and micrometers for small distances using digital or Vernier scales

1.2.2 Use of apparatus and techniques (6) : understand correctly constructing circuits from circuit diagrams using DC power supplies, cells and a range of circuit components including those where polarity is important

1.2.2 Use of apparatus and techniques (7) : understand designing, constructing and checking circuits using DC power supplies, cells and a range of circuit components

1.2.2 Use of apparatus and techniques (8) : understand use of a signal generator and oscilloscope including volts/division and time-base

1.2.2 Use of apparatus and techniques (9) : understand generating and measuring waves using microphone and loudspeaker or ripple tank or vibration transducer or microwave/radio wave source

1.2.2 Use of apparatus and techniques (10) : understand use of a laser or light source to investigate characteristics of light including interference and diffraction

1.2.2 Use of apparatus and techniques (11) : understand use of ICT such as computer modelling or data logger with a variety of sensors to collect data or use of software to process data

1.2.2 Use of apparatus and techniques (12) : understand use of ionising radiation including detectors.

2.1.1 Physical quantities (1) : understand a) physical quantities have a numerical value and a unit

2.1.1 Physical quantities (2) : understand making estimates of physical quantities listed in this specification.

2.1.2 S.I. Units (1) : understand Systeme Internationale (S.I.) base quantities and their units ie mass (kg),length , time (s),current , temperature , amount of substance (mol)

2.1.2 S.I. Units (2) : understand derived units of S.I. base units

2.1.2 S.I. Units (3) : understand units listed in this specification

2.1.2 S.I. Units (4) : understand checking the homogeneity of physical equations using S.I. base units

2.1.2 S.I. Units (5) : understand prefixes and their symbols to indicate decimal submultiples or multiples of units ie pico,nano, micro, milli centi, deci ,kilo, mega, giga, tera
units_and_prefixes_hw
mathematics_in_physics_hw

2.1.2 S.I. Units (6) : understand the conventions used for labelling graph axes and table columns.

2.2.1 Measurements and uncertainties (1) : understand systematic errors (including zero errors) and random errors in measurements

2.2.1 Measurements and uncertainties (2) : understand precision and accuracy

2.2.1 Measurements and uncertainties (3) : understand absolute and percentage uncertainties when data are combined by addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and raising to powers
uncertainties_hw

2.2.1 Measurements and uncertainties (4) : understand graphical treatment of errors and uncertainties; line of best fit; worst line; absolute and percentage uncertainties; percentage difference.
graphs_hw

2.3.1 Nature of quantities (1) : understand scalar and vector quantities

2.3.1 Nature of quantities (2) : understand vector addition and subtraction

2.3.1 Nature of quantities (3) : understand vector triangle to determine the resultant of any two coplanar vectors
scalars_and_vectors_hw

2.3.1 Nature of quantities (4) : understand resolving a vector into two perpendicular components; Fx= F cos(theta), Fy= F sin(theta)

3.1.1 Kinematics (1) : understand a) displacement, instantaneous speed, average speed, velocity and acceleration
displacement_and_velocity_hw

3.1.1 Kinematics (2) : understand graphical representations of displacement, speed, velocity and acceleration

3.1.1 Kinematics (3) : understand Displacement-time graphs; velocity is gradient

3.1.1 Kinematics (4) : understand Velocity-time graphs; acceleration is gradient; displacement is area under graph.
motion_graphs_hw.json

3.1.2 Linear motion (1) : understand the equations of motion for constant acceleration in a straight line including motion of bodies falling in a uniform gravitational field without air resistance(ii) techniques and procedures used to investigate the motion and collisions of objects.
equations_of_motion_hw

3.1.2 Linear motion (2) : understand acceleration g of free fall (ii) techniques and procedures used to determine the acceleration of freefall using trapdoor and electromagnet arrangement or light gates and timer

3.1.2 Linear motion (3) : understand reaction time and thinking distance; braking distance and stopping distance for a vehicle.

3.1.3 Projectile motion (1) : understand independence of the vertical and horizontal motion of a projectile

3.1.3 Projectile motion (2) : understand two-dimensional motion of a projectile with constant velocity in one direction and constant acceleration in a perpendicular direction.
motion_consolidation_hw

3.2.1 Dynamics (1) : understand net force = mass x acceleration; F = ma
resultant_force_hw

3.2.1 Dynamics (2) : understand the newton as the unit of force

3.2.1 Dynamics (3) : understand weight of an object; W = mg

3.2.1 Dynamics (4) : understand the terms tension, normal contact force, upthrust and friction

3.2.1 Dynamics (5) : understand free-body diagrams

3.2.1 Dynamics (6) : understand one- and two-dimensional motion under constant force.

3.2.2 Motion with non-uniform acceleration (1) : understand drag as the frictional force experienced by an object travelling through a fluid

3.2.2 Motion with non-uniform acceleration (2) : understand factors affecting drag for an object travelling through air

3.2.2 Motion with non-uniform acceleration (3) : understand motion of objects falling in a uniform gravitational field in the presence of drag

3.2.2 Motion with non-uniform acceleration (4) : understand terminal velocity ; techniques and procedures used to determine terminal velocity in fluids.

3.2.3 Equilibrium (1) : understand moment of force

3.2.3 Equilibrium (2) : understand couple; torque of a couple

3.2.3 Equilibrium (3) : understand the principle of moments

3.2.3 Equilibrium (4) : understand centre of mass; centre of gravity; experimental determination of centre of gravity

3.2.3 Equilibrium (5) : understand equilibrium of an object under the action of forces and torques
moments_hw

3.2.3 Equilibrium (6) : understand condition for equilibrium of three coplanar forces; triangle of forces.

3.2.4 Density and pressure (1) : understand density

3.2.4 Density and pressure (2) : understand pressure for solids, liquids and gases

3.2.4 Density and pressure (3) : understand pressure = p.h.g; up-thrust on an object in a fluid; Archimedes principle.
density_and_pressure_hw

3.3.1 Work and conservation of energy (1) : understand work done by a force; the unit joule
work_hw

3.3.1 Work and conservation of energy (2) : understand W = F.cos(theta) for work done by a force

3.3.1 Work and conservation of energy (3) : understand the principle of conservation of energy

3.3.1 Work and conservation of energy (4) : understand energy in different forms; transfer and conservation

3.3.1 Work and conservation of energy (5) : understand transfer of energy is equal to work done.

3.3.2 Kinetic and potential energies (1) : understand kinetic energy of an object

3.3.2 Kinetic and potential energies (2) : understand gravitational potential energy of an object in a uniform gravitational field; Ep = mgh

3.3.2 Kinetic and potential energies (3) : understand the exchange between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy.
energy_transformations_hw

3.3.3 Power (1) : understand power; the unit watt

3.3.3 Power (2) : understand instantaneous power P = Fv

3.3.3 Power (3) : understand efficiency of a mechanical system

3.4.1 Springs (4) : understand tensile and compressive deformation; extension and compression

3.4.1 Springs (5) : understand Hookes law

3.4.1 Springs (6) : understand force constant k of a spring or wire; F = kx

3.4.1 Springs (7) : understand force vs extension (or compression) graphs for springs and wires ; techniques and procedures used to investigate force-extension characteristics for arrangements which may include springs,rubber bands,polythene strips.

3.4.2 Mechanical properties of matter (1) : understand force x extension (or compression) graph; work done is area under graph

3.4.2 Mechanical properties of matter (2) : understand elastic potential energy. Stored energy equations
hookes_law_hw

3.4.2 Mechanical properties of matter (3) : understand stress, strain and ultimate tensile strength

3.4.2 Mechanical properties of matter (4) : understand the Young modulus equation; techniques and procedures used to determine the Young modulus for a metal

3.4.2 Mechanical properties of matter (5) : understand stress - strain graphs for typical ductile, brittle and polymeric materials

3.4.2 Mechanical properties of matter (6) : understand elastic and plastic deformations of materials.
young_modulus_hw

3.5.1 Newtons laws of motion (1) : understand Newtons three laws of motion

3.5.1 Newtons laws of motion (2) : understand linear momentum; p = mv; vector nature of momentum

3.5.1 Newtons laws of motion (3) : understand net force = rate of change of momentum

3.5.1 Newtons laws of motion (4) : understand impulse of a force; impulse = Fxt

3.5.1 Newtons laws of motion (5) : understand impulse is equal to the area under a force-time graph.
newtons_laws_hw

3.5.2 Collisions (1) : understand the principle of conservation of momentum

3.5.2 Collisions (2) : understand collisions and interaction of bodies in one dimension and in two dimensions

3.5.2 Collisions (3) : understand perfectly elastic collision and inelastic collision.
conservation_of_momentum_hw

4.1.1 Charge (1) : understand electric current as rate of flow of charge

4.1.1 Charge (2) : understand the coulomb as the unit of charge

4.1.1 Charge (3) : understand the elementary charge e equals 1.6 x 10^-19 C

4.1.1 Charge (4) : understand net charge on a particle or an object is quantised and a multiple of e

4.1.1 Charge (5) : understand current as the movement of electrons in metals and movement of ions in electrolytes

4.1.1 Charge (6) : understand conventional current and electron flow
charge_and_current_hw

4.1.1 Charge (7) : understand Kirchhoffs first law; conservation of charge.

4.1.2 Mean drift velocity (1) : understand mean drift velocity of charge carriers

4.1.2 Mean drift velocity (2) : understand I = Anev, where n is the number density of charge carriers

4.1.2 Mean drift velocity (3) : understand distinction between conductors,semiconductors and insulators in terms of n.

4.2.1 Circuit symbols (4) : understand circuit symbols

4.2.1 Circuit symbols (5) : understand circuit diagrams using these symbols.

4.2.2 E.m.f. and p.d. (1) : understand potential difference (p.d.); the unit volt

4.2.2 E.m.f. and p.d. (2) : understand electromotive force (e.m.f.) of a source such as cell or a power supply

4.2.2 E.m.f. and p.d. (3) : understand distinction between e.m.f. and p.d. in terms of energy transfer

4.2.2 E.m.f. and p.d. (4) : understand energy transfer; W = VQ
voltage_and_energy_hw

4.2.2 E.m.f. and p.d. (5) : understand energy transfer eV = 1/2 mv^2 for electrons another charged particles.

4.2.3 Resistance (1) : understand resistance and the unit ohm

4.2.3 Resistance (2) : understand Ohms law
ohms_law_hw

4.2.3 Resistance (3) : understand I-V characteristics of resistor,filament lamp,thermistor,diode and light-emitting diode (LED)(ii) techniques and procedures used to investigate the electrical characteristics for a range of ohmic and non-ohmic components.

4.2.3 Resistance (4) : understand light-dependent resistor (LDR); variation of resistance with light intensity.

4.2.4 Resistivity (1) : know how to define resistivity of a material, know techniques and procedures used to determine the resistivity of a metal.

4.2.4 Resistivity (2) : understand the variation of resistivity of metals and semiconductors with temperature

4.2.4 Resistivity (3) : understand negative temperature coefficient (NTC)thermistor; variation of resistance with temperature.

4.2.5 Power (1) : understand the equations P = VI, P = I^2R, P = V^2/R

4.2.5 Power (2) : understand energy transfer; W = V x I x t
electrical_power_and_energy_hw

4.2.5 Power (3) : understand the kilowatt-hour (kW h) as a unit of energy; calculating the cost of energy.

4.3.1 Series and parallel circuits (1) : understand Kirchhoffs second law; the conservation of Energy

4.3.1 Series and parallel circuits (2) : understand Kirchhoffs first and second laws applied to electrical circuits
kicrhoffs_laws_hw

4.3.1 Series and parallel circuits (3) : understand total resistance of two or more resistors in series;R = R1 + R2 + .

4.3.1 Series and parallel circuits (4) : understand total resistance of two or more resistors in parallel; 1/R =1/R1 + 1/R2 + ..

4.3.1 Series and parallel circuits (5) : understand analysis of circuits with components including both series and parallel
series_and_parallel_resistance_hw

4.3.1 Series and parallel circuits (6) : understand analysis of circuits with more than one source of e.m.f.

4.3.2 Internal resistance (1) : understand source of e.m.f.; internal resistance

4.3.2 Internal resistance (2) : understand terminal p.d.;lost volts

4.3.2 Internal resistance (3) : understand the equations E = I(R + r) and E = V + Ir, techniques and procedures used to determine the internal resistance of a chemical cell or other source of e.m.f.
internal_resistance_hw

4.3.3 Potential dividers (1) : understand potential divider circuit with components

4.3.3 Potential dividers (2) : understand potential divider circuits with variable components e.g. LDR and thermistor

4.3.3 Potential dividers (3) : understand potential divider equations e.g.(ii) techniques and procedures used to investigate potential divider circuits which may include a sensor such as a thermistor or an LDR.
potential_dividers_hw

4.4.1 Wave motion (1) : understand progressive waves; longitudinal and transverse Waves

4.4.1 Wave motion (2) : understand displacement, amplitude, wavelength, period, phase difference, frequency and speed of a wave

4.4.1 Wave motion (3) : understand techniques and procedures used with an oscilloscope to determine frequency

4.4.1 Wave motion (4) : understand the equation f = 1/T

4.4.1 Wave motion (5) : understand the wave equation c = f.lambda

4.4.1 Wave motion (6) : understand graphical representations of transverse and longitudinal waves

4.4.1 Wave motion (7) : understand reflection, refraction, polarisation and diffraction of all waves

4.4.1 Wave motion (8) : understand techniques and procedures used to demonstrate wave effects using a ripple tank

4.4.1 Wave motion (9) : understand techniques and procedures used to observe polarising effects using microwaves and light

4.4.1 Wave motion (10) : understand the intensity of a progressive wave; I =P/A , I is proportional to amplitude squared

4.4.2 Electromagnetic waves (1) : understand electromagnetic spectrum; properties of electromagnetic waves

4.4.2 Electromagnetic waves (2) : understand orders of magnitude of wavelengths of the principal radiations from radio waves to gamma rays

4.4.2 Electromagnetic waves (3) : understand plane polarised waves; polarisation of electromagnetic waves

4.4.2 Electromagnetic waves (4) : understand (i)refraction of light; refractive index n = c/v, n.sin theta = constant at a boundary where theta is the angle to the normal, (ii) techniques and procedures used to investigate refraction and total internal reflection of light using ray boxes,including transparent rectangular and semi-circular blocks

4.4.2 Electromagnetic waves (5) : understand critical angle; sin C = 1/n; total internal reflection for light.

4.4.3 Superposition (1) : understand the principle of superposition of waves; techniques and procedures used for superposition experiments using soundlight and microwaves

4.4.3 Superposition (2) : understand graphical methods to illustrate the principle of Superposition

4.4.3 Superposition (3) : understand interference, coherence, path difference and phase difference

4.4.3 Superposition (4) : understand constructive interference and destructive interference in terms of path difference and phase difference

4.4.3 Superposition (5) : understand two-source interference with sound and Microwaves

4.4.3 Superposition (6) : understand Young double-slit experiment using visible light

4.4.3 Superposition (7) : understand techniques and procedures used to determine the wavelength of light using (1) a double-slit and (2) a diffraction grating.

4.4.4 Stationary waves (1) : understand stationary (standing) waves using microwaves, stretched strings and air columns

4.4.4 Stationary waves (2) : understand graphical representations of a stationary wave

4.4.4 Stationary waves (3) : understand similarities and the differences between stationary and progressive waves

4.4.4 Stationary waves (4) : understand nodes and antinodes

4.4.4 Stationary waves (5) : understand stationary wave patterns for a stretched string and air columns in closed and open tubes (ii) techniques and procedures used to determine the speed of sound in air of stationary waves in a resonance tube

4.4.4 Stationary waves (6) : understand the idea that the separation between adjacent nodes (or antinodes) is equal to lambda/2 where lambda is the wavelength of the progressive wave

4.4.4 Stationary waves (7) : understand fundamental mode of vibration (1st harmonic)
stationary_waves_hw

4.5.1 Photons (1) : understand the particulate nature (photon model) of electromagnetic radiation

4.5.1 Photons (2) : understand the photon as a quantum of energy of electromagnetic radiation

4.5.1 Photons (3) : understand the energy of a photon E=hf
intro_to_quantum_hw

4.5.1 Photons (4) : understand the electron volt (eV) as a unit of energy

4.5.1 Photons (5) : understand using LEDs and the equation eV to estimate the value of Planck constant h; Determine the Planck constant using different coloured LEDs.

4.5.2 The photoelectric effect (1) : understand photoelectric effect including a simple experiment to demonstrate this effect, demonstration of the photoelectric effect usinge.g. gold-leaf electroscope and zinc plate

4.5.2 The photoelectric effect (2) : understand there is a one-to-one interaction between a photon and surface electron

4.5.2 The photoelectric effect (3) : understand Einsteins photoelectric equation

4.5.2 The photoelectric effect (4) : understand work function; threshold frequency

4.5.2 The photoelectric effect (5) : understand the idea that the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons is independent of the intensity

4.5.2 The photoelectric effect (6) : understand the idea that rate of emission of photoelectrons above the threshold frequency is directly proportional to the intensity of the incident radiation.
photoelectric_effect_hw

4.5.3 Wave-particle duality (1) : understand electron diffraction including experimental evidence of this effect

4.5.3 Wave-particle duality (2) : understand diffraction of electrons travelling through a thin slice of polycrystalline graphite by the atoms of graphite and the spacing between the atoms

4.5.3 Wave-particle duality (3) : understand the de Broglie equation

5.1.1 Temperature (1) : understand thermal equilibrium

5.1.1 Temperature (2) : understand absolute scale of temperature (i.e. the thermodynamic scale) that does not depend on property of any particular substance

5.1.1 Temperature (3) : understand temperature measurements both in degrees Celsius (deg C) and in Kelvin

5.1.1 Temperature (4) : understand T (K) = T (degrees) + 273

5.1.2 Solid, liquid and gas (1) : understand solids,liquids and gases in terms of the spacing, ordering and motion of atoms or molecules

5.1.2 Solid, liquid and gas (2) : understand simple kinetic model for solids, liquids and gases

5.1.2 Solid, liquid and gas (3) : understand Brownian motion in terms of the kinetic model of matter and a simple demonstration using smoke particles suspended in air

5.1.2 Solid, liquid and gas (4) : understand internal energy as the sum of the random distribution of kinetic and potential energies associated with the molecules of a system

5.1.2 Solid, liquid and gas (5) : understand absolute zero (0 K) as the lowest limit for temperature; the temperature at which a substance has minimum internal energy
thermal_hw

5.1.2 Solid, liquid and gas (6) : understand increase in the internal energy of a body as its temperature rises

5.1.2 Solid, liquid and gas (7) : understand changes in the internal energy of a substance during change of phase; constant temperature during change of phase.

5.1.3 Thermal properties of materials (1) : understand specific heat capacity of a substance and the equation

5.1.3 Thermal properties of materials (2) : understand an electrical experiment to determine the specific heat capacity of a metal or a liquid ; techniques and procedures used for an electrical method to determine the specific heat capacity of a metal block and a liquid
solids_liquids_gases_hw

5.1.3 Thermal properties of materials (3) : understand specific latent heat of fusion and specific latent heat of vaporisation; E = mL

5.1.3 Thermal properties of materials (4) : understand an electrical experiment to determine the specific latent heat of fusion and vaporisation (ii) techniques and procedures used for an electrical method to determine the specific latent heat of a solid and a liquid.

5.1.4 Ideal gases (1) : understand amount of substance in moles; Avogadro constant NA equals 6.02 x 10^23 mol^-1

5.1.4 Ideal gases (2) : understand the model of kinetic theory of gases

5.1.4 Ideal gases (3) : understand pressure in terms of this model

5.1.4 Ideal gases (4) : understand the equation of state of an ideal gas pV = nRT where n is the number of moles, techniques and procedures used to investigate PV = constant (Boyles law) and T.P = constant , an estimation of absolute zero using variation of gas temperature with pressure

5.1.4 Ideal gases (5) : understand the equation pV = 1/3.N.m.c^2 = where N is the number of particles (atoms or molecules) and c^2 is the mean square speed

5.1.4 Ideal gases (6) : understand root mean square (r.m.s.) speed; mean square speed
gases_hw

5.1.4 Ideal gases (7) : understand the Boltzmann constant; k =R/NA

5.1.4 Ideal gases (8) : understand derivation of the ideal gas laws

5.1.4 Ideal gases (9) : understand internal energy of an ideal gas.

5.2.1 Kinematics of circular motion (1) : understand the radian as a measure of angle

5.2.1 Kinematics of circular motion (2) : understand period and frequency of an object in circular Motion

5.2.1 Kinematics of circular motion (3) : understand angular velocity w = 2.pi / T

5.2.2 Centripetal force (1) : understand a constant net force perpendicular to the velocity of an object causes it to travel in a circular path

5.2.2 Centripetal force (2) : understand constant speed in a circle

5.2.2 Centripetal force (3) : understand centripetal acceleration;
circular_motion_hw

5.2.2 Centripetal force (4) : understand centripetal force , techniques and procedures used to investigate circular motion using a whirling bung.

5.3.1 Simple harmonic oscillations (1) : understand displacement, amplitude, period, frequency, angular frequency and phase difference

5.3.1 Simple harmonic oscillations (2) : understand angular frequency

5.3.1 Simple harmonic oscillations (3) : understand simple harmonic motion; defining equation, techniques and procedures used to determine the period/frequency of simple harmonic oscillations
shm1_hw

5.3.1 Simple harmonic oscillations (4) : understand solutions to the equation of shm e.g. x = Acos(wt) or x = Asin(wt)

5.3.1 Simple harmonic oscillations (5) : understand Max velocity

5.3.1 Simple harmonic oscillations (6) : understand the period of a simple harmonic oscillator is independent of its amplitude (isochronous oscillator)

5.3.1 Simple harmonic oscillations (7) : understand graphical methods to relate the changes in displacementvelocity and acceleration during simple harmonic motion.

5.3.2 Energy of a simple harmonic oscillator (1) : understand interchange between kinetic and potential energy during simple harmonic motion

5.3.2 Energy of a simple harmonic oscillator (2) : understand energy-displacement graphs for a simple harmonic oscillator

5.3.3 Damping (1) : understand free and forced oscillations
shm2_hw

5.3.3 Damping (2) : understand the effects of damping on an oscillatory system ; observe forced and damped oscillations for a range of systems

5.3.3 Damping (3) : understand resonance; natural frequency

5.3.3 Damping (4) : understand amplitude-driving frequency graphs for forced Oscillators

5.3.3 Damping (5) : understand practical examples of forced oscillations and resonance.
damping_and_resonance_hw

5.4.1 Point and spherical masses (1) : understand gravitational fields are due to objects having mass

5.4.1 Point and spherical masses (2) : understand modelling the mass of a spherical object as apoint mass at its centre

5.4.1 Point and spherical masses (3) : understand gravitational field lines to map gravitational fields

5.4.1 Point and spherical masses (4) : understand gravitational field strength

5.4.1 Point and spherical masses (5) : understand the concept of gravitational fields as being one of a number of forms of field giving rise to a force.

5.4.2 Newtons law of gravitation (1) : understand Newtons law of gravitation
gravitational_force_hw

5.4.2 Newtons law of gravitation (2) : understand gravitational field strength g = F/m

5.4.2 Newtons law of gravitation (3) : understand gravitational field strength is uniform close to the surface of the Earth and numerically equal to the acceleration of free fall.
gravitational_field_strength_hw

5.4.3 Planetary motion (1) : understand Keplers three laws of planetary motion

5.4.3 Planetary motion (2) : understand the centripetal force on a planet is provided by the gravitational force between it and the Sun

5.4.3 Planetary motion (3) : understand the equation T^2 = (4pi^2/GM).r^3

5.4.3 Planetary motion (4) : understand the relationship for Keplers third law (T squared is proportional to r cubed) applied to systems other than our solar system

5.4.3 Planetary motion (5) : understand geostationary orbit; uses of geostationary satellites.
orbits_hw

5.4.4 Gravitational potential and energy (1) : understand gravitational potential at a point as the work done in bringing unit mass from infinity to the point; gravitational potential is zero at infinity

5.4.4 Gravitational potential and energy (2) : understand gravitational potential V = -GM/r at a distance r frin a point mass M; changes in gravitatational potential

5.4.4 Gravitational potential and energy (3) : understand force-distance graph for a point or spherical mass; work done is area under graph

5.4.4 Gravitational potential and energy (4) : understand gravitational potential energy at a distance r from a point mass M

5.4.4 Gravitational potential and energy (5) : understand escape velocity.
gravitational_potential_hw
gravitational_fields_hw

5.5.1 Stars (1) : understand the terms planets, planetary satellites, comets, solar systems, galaxies and the universe

5.5.1 Stars (2) : understand formation of a star from interstellar dust and gas in terms of gravitational collapse, fusion of hydrogen into helium,radiation and gas pressure

5.5.1 Stars (3) : understand evolution of a low-mass star like our Sun into ared giant and white dwarf; planetary nebula

5.5.1 Stars (4) : understand characteristics of a white dwarf; electron degeneracy pressure; Chandrasekhar limit

5.5.1 Stars (5) : understand evolution of a massive star into a red super giant and then either a neutron star or black hole; supernova

5.5.1 Stars (6) : understand characteristics of a neutron star and a black hole

5.5.1 Stars (7) : understand Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagram as luminosity temperature plot; main sequence; red giants; super red giants; white dwarfs.

5.5.2 Electromagnetic radiation from stars (1) : understand energy levels of electrons in isolated gas atoms

5.5.2 Electromagnetic radiation from stars (2) : understand the idea that energy levels have negative values

5.5.2 Electromagnetic radiation from stars (3) : understand emission spectral lines from hot gases in terms of emission of photons and transition of electrons between discrete energy levels

5.5.2 Electromagnetic radiation from stars (4) : understand the equations E = hf and E = hc/lambda

5.5.2 Electromagnetic radiation from stars (5) : understand different atoms have different spectral lines which can be used to identify elements within stars

5.5.2 Electromagnetic radiation from stars (6) : understand continuous spectra, emission line spectra and absorption line spectra

5.5.2 Electromagnetic radiation from stars (7) : understand transmission diffraction grating used to determine the wavelength of light The structure and use of an optical spectrometer are not required;

5.5.2 Electromagnetic radiation from stars (8) : understand the condition for maxima d sin i = nmwhere d is the grating spacing

5.5.2 Electromagnetic radiation from stars (9) : understand use of Wiens displacement law (lambda_max is proportional to 1/T) to estimate the peak surface temperature (of a star)

5.5.2 Electromagnetic radiation from stars (10) : understand luminosity L of a star; Stefans law L = 4.pi.r^2.sigma.T^4

5.5.2 Electromagnetic radiation from stars (11) : understand use of Wiens displacement law and Stefans law to estimate the radius of a star.
star_spectra_hw

5.5.3 Cosmology (1) : understand distances measured in astronomical units (AU),light-year (ly) and parsec (pc)

5.5.3 Cosmology (2) : understand stellar parallax; distances, the parsec (pc)

5.5.3 Cosmology (3) : understand the equation p = 1/d = where p is the parallax in seconds of arc and d is the distance in parsec
stars_hw

5.5.3 Cosmology (4) : understand the Cosmological principle ie the universe is homogeneous and isotropic, and the laws of physics are universal

5.5.3 Cosmology (5) : understand Doppler effect; Doppler shift of electromagnetic Radiation

5.5.3 Cosmology (6) : understand Doppler equation d.lambda / lambda = df/f = v/c

5.5.3 Cosmology (7) : understand Hubbles law; v = H0.d for receding galaxies where H0 is the Hubble constant

5.5.3 Cosmology (8) : understand model of an expanding universe supported by galactic red shift

5.5.3 Cosmology (9) : understand Hubble constant H0 in both km/s/Mpc and s^-1

5.5.3 Cosmology (10) : understand the Big Bang theory

5.5.3 Cosmology (11) : understand experimental evidence for the Big Bang theory from microwave background radiation at temperature of 2.7 K

5.5.3 Cosmology (12) : understand the idea that the Big Bang gave rise to the expansion of space-time

5.5.3 Cosmology (13) : understand estimation for the age of the universe; T = 1/H₀
expanding_universe_hw

5.5.3 Cosmology (14) : understand evolution of the universe after the Big Bang to the present

5.5.3 Cosmology (15) : understand current ideas; universe is made up of dark energy, dark matter and a small percentage of ordinary matter.
evolution_of_the_universe_hw

6.1.1 Capacitors (1) : understand capacitance; C = Q/V; the unit farad

6.1.1 Capacitors (2) : understand charging and discharging of a capacitor or capacitor plates with reference to the flow of electrons

6.1.1 Capacitors (3) : understand total capacitance of two or more capacitors in series; 1/C = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + ...

6.1.1 Capacitors (4) : understand total capacitance of two or more capacitors in parallel; C = C1 + C2 + ...

6.1.1 Capacitors (5) : understand analysis of circuits containing capacitorsincluding resistors(ii) techniques and procedures used to investigate capacitors in both series and parallel combinations using ammeters and voltmeters.

6.1.2 Energy (1) : understand the p.d. - charge graph for a capacitor; energy stored is area under graph

6.1.2 Energy (2) : understand energy stored by capacitor;Q = 1/2.QV = 1/2.Q^2 / C = 1/2.CV^2

6.1.2 Energy (3) : understand uses of capacitors as storage of energy.

6.1.3 Charging and discharging capacitors (1) : understand charging and discharging a capacitor through a resistor ; techniques and procedures to investigate the charge and the discharge of a capacitor using both meters and data-loggers

6.1.3 Charging and discharging capacitors (2) : understand time constant of a capacitor-resistor circuit; T = CR

6.1.3 Charging and discharging capacitors (3) : understand equations of the form x = x0.e^-t/RC and x = x0(1-e^-t/RC) for capacitor resistor circuits
capacitors1_hw
capacitors2_hw

6.1.3 Charging and discharging capacitors (4) : understand graphical methods and spreadsheet modelling of the equation delta Q / delta t = - Q / RC for a discharging capacitor

6.1.3 Charging and discharging capacitors (5) : understand exponential decay graph; constant-ratio property of such a graph.

6.2.1 Point and spherical charges (1) : understand electric fields are due to charges

6.2.1 Point and spherical charges (2) : understand modelling a uniformly charged sphere as a point charge at its centre

6.2.1 Point and spherical charges (3) : understand electric field lines to map electric fields

6.2.1 Point and spherical charges (4) : understand electric field strength; E = F / Q

6.2.2 Coulombs law (1) : understand Coulombs law F = Qq/4.pi.E0.r^2 for the force between two point charges

6.2.2 Coulombs law (2) : understand electric field strength E = Q/4.pi.E0.r^2 for a point charge
electric_fields2_hw

6.2.2 Coulombs law (3) : understand similarities and differences between the gravitational field of a point mass and the electric field of a point charge

6.2.2 Coulombs law (4) : understand the concept of electric fields as being one of number of forms of field giving rise to a force.

6.2.3 Uniform electric field (1) : understand uniform electric field strength; E = V/d
electric_fields1_hw

6.2.3 Uniform electric field (2) : understand parallel plate capacitor; permittivity; C = E0.A/d ; C = E.A/d ; E = Er.E0

6.2.3 Uniform electric field (3) : understand motion of charged particles in a uniform electric field.

6.2.4 Electric potential and energy (1) : understand electric potential at a point as the work done inbringing unit charge from infinity to the point; electric potential is zero at infinity

6.2.4 Electric potential and energy (2) : understand electric potential V at a distance r froma point charge; changes in electric potential

6.2.4 Electric potential and energy (3) : understand capacitance C = 4rf0R for an isolated sphere Derivation expected from equation for electric potential and Q = VC.

6.2.4 Electric potential and energy (4) : understand force-distance graph for a point or spherical charge; work done is area under graph

6.2.4 Electric potential and energy (5) : understand electric potential energy E = Vq = Qq/4.pi.E.r
electric_potential_hw

6.3.1 Magnetic fields (1) : understand magnetic fields are due to moving charges or permanent magnets

6.3.1 Magnetic fields (2) : understand magnetic field lines to map magnetic fields

6.3.1 Magnetic fields (3) : understand magnetic field patterns for a long straight current carrying conductora flat coil and a long solenoid

6.3.1 Magnetic fields (4) : understand Flemings left-hand rule

6.3.1 Magnetic fields (5) : understand force on a current-carrying conductor;F = BIL sin(theta); techniques and procedures used to determine the uniform magnetic flux density between the poles of a magnet using a current-carrying wire and digital balance

6.3.1 Magnetic fields (6) : understand magnetic flux density; the unit tesla.
magnetic_force_1_hw

6.3.2 Motion of charged particles (1) : understand force on a charged particle travelling at right angles to a uniform magnetic field; F = BQv

6.3.2 Motion of charged particles (2) : understand charged particles moving in a uniform magnetic field; circular orbits of charged particles in a uniform magnetic field

6.3.2 Motion of charged particles (3) : understand charged particles moving in a region occupied by both electric and magnetic fields; velocity selector.
magnetic_force_2_hw

6.3.3 Electromagnetism (1) : understand magnetic flux (phi); the unit weber (Wb); flux phi = BAcos(theta)

6.3.3 Electromagnetism (2) : understand magnetic flux linkage

6.3.3 Electromagnetism (3) : understand Faradays law of electromagnetic induction and Lenzs law

6.3.3 Electromagnetism (4) : understand e.m.f. = - rate of change of magnetic flux linkage; techniques and procedures used to investigate magnetic flux using search coils
electromagnetic_induction_hw

6.3.3 Electromagnetism (5) : understand simple a.c. generator

6.3.3 Electromagnetism (6) : understand simple laminated iron-cored transformer; Ns/Np = Vs/Vp = Ip/Is; techniques and procedures used to investigate transformers.

6.4.1 The nuclear atom (1) : understand alpha-particle scattering experiment; evidence of a small charged nucleus

6.4.1 The nuclear atom (2) : understand simple nuclear model of the atom; protons, neutrons and electrons

6.4.1 The nuclear atom (3) : understand relative sizes of atom and nucleus

6.4.1 The nuclear atom (4) : understand proton number; nucleon number; isotopes; notation for the representation of nuclei
atomic_structure_hw

6.4.1 The nuclear atom (5) : understand strong nuclear force; short-range nature of the force; attractive to about 3 fm and repulsive below about 0.5 fm, 1 fm = 10^-15 m

6.4.1 The nuclear atom (6) : understand radius of nuclei equation R = r0.A^1/3

6.4.1 The nuclear atom (7) : understand mean densities of atoms and nuclei.

6.4.2 Fundamental particles (1) : understand particles and antiparticles; electron, positron, proton, anti-proton, neutron, anti-neutron and the neutrino and anti-neutrino

6.4.2 Fundamental particles (2) : understand particle and its corresponding antiparticle have same mass; electron and positron have opposite charge; proton and antiproton have opposite charge

6.4.2 Fundamental particles (3) : understand classification of hadrons; proton and neutron as examples of hadrons; all hadrons are subject to the strong nuclear force

6.4.2 Fundamental particles (4) : understand classification of leptons; electron and neutrino as examples of leptons; all leptons are subject to the weak nuclear force

6.4.2 Fundamental particles (5) : understand simple quark model of hadrons in terms of up(u), down (d) and strange (s) quarks and their respective anti-quarks

6.4.2 Fundamental particles (6) : understand quark model of the proton (uud) and the neutron(udd)

6.4.2 Fundamental particles (7) : understand charges of the up (u), down (d), strange (s) ,anti-up (u bar), anti-down (d bar) and the anti-strange (s bar) quarks as fractions of the elementary charge e

6.4.2 Fundamental particles (8) : understand beta-minus decay; beta-plus decay

6.4.2 Fundamental particles (9) : understand beta minus decay in terms of a quark model

6.4.2 Fundamental particles (10) : understand beta plus decay in terms of a quark model;

6.4.2 Fundamental particles (11) : understand balancing of quark transformation equations in terms of charge

6.4.2 Fundamental particles (12) : understand decay of particles in terms of the quark model
fundamental_particles_hw

6.4.3 Radioactivity (1) : understand radioactive decay; spontaneous and random nature of decay

6.4.3 Radioactivity (2) : understand alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays; nature, penetration and range of these radiations ; techniques and procedures used to investigate the absorption of a-particles. b-particles and gamma rays by appropriate materials

6.4.3 Radioactivity (3) : understand nuclear decay equations for alpha, beta minus and beta-plus decays; balancing nuclear transformation equations

6.4.3 Radioactivity (4) : understand activity of a source; decay constant lambda of an isotope; A = lambda.N

6.4.3 Radioactivity (5) : understand half-life of an isotope , t = ln2/lambda ; techniques and procedures used to determine the half-life of an isotope such as protactinium

6.4.3 Radioactivity (6) : understand the equations A=A0.e^-lambda.t and N=N0.e^-lambda.t where A is the activity and N is the number of undecayed nuclei ; simulation of radioactive decay using dice

6.4.3 Radioactivity (7) : understand radioactive dating e.g. carbon-dating.
radioactivity_hw

6.4.4 Nuclear fission and fusion (1) : understand Einsteins mass-energy equation;

6.4.4 Nuclear fission and fusion (2) : understand energy released (or absorbed) in simple nuclear Reactions

6.4.4 Nuclear fission and fusion (3) : understand creation and annihilation of particle-antiparticle Pairs

6.4.4 Nuclear fission and fusion (4) : understand mass defect; binding energy; binding energy per Nucleon

6.4.4 Nuclear fission and fusion (5) : understand binding energy per nucleon against nucleon number curve; energy changes in reactions

6.4.4 Nuclear fission and fusion (6) : understand binding energy of nuclei using E = mc^2 and masses of nuclei

6.4.4 Nuclear fission and fusion (7) : understand induced nuclear fission; chain reaction

6.4.4 Nuclear fission and fusion (8) : understand basic structure of a fission reactor; components of fuel rods, control rods and moderator

6.4.4 Nuclear fission and fusion (9) : understand environmental impact of nuclear waste, Decision making process when building new nuclear power stations.

6.4.4 Nuclear fission and fusion (10) : understand nuclear fusion; fusion reactions and temperature

6.4.4 Nuclear fission and fusion (11) : understand balancing nuclear transformation equations.
nuclear_reactions_hw

6.5.1 Using X-rays (1) : understand basic structure of an X-ray tube; components of heater, cathode, anode, target metal and high voltage suppl

6.5.1 Using X-rays (2) : understand production of X-ray photons from an X-ray tube
x_ray_production_hw

6.5.1 Using X-rays (3) : understand X-ray attenuation mechanisms; simple scattering, photoelectric effect, Compton effect and pair production

6.5.1 Using X-rays (4) : understand attenuation of X-rays; I

6.5.1 Using X-rays (5) : understand X-ray imaging with contrast media; barium and Iodine

6.5.1 Using X-rays (6) : understand computerised axial tomography (CAT) scanning; components of rotating X-tube producing a thin fan-shaped X-ray beam, ring of detectors, computer software and display

6.5.1 Using X-rays (7) : understand advantages of a CAT scan over an X-ray image
x_ray_scans_hw

6.5.2 Diagnostic methods in medicine (1) : understand medical tracers; technetium-99m and fluorine-18

6.5.2 Diagnostic methods in medicine (2) : understand gamma camera; components of collimator, scintillator, photomultiplier tubes, computer and display; formation of image

6.5.2 Diagnostic methods in medicine (3) : understand diagnosis using a gamma camera

6.5.2 Diagnostic methods in medicine (4) : understand positron emission tomography (PET) scanner; annihilation of positron-electron pairs; formation of image

6.5.2 Diagnostic methods in medicine (5) : understand diagnosis using PET scanning. Issues raised when equipping a hospital with an expensive scanner.
radiopharmaceuticals_hw

6.5.3 Using ultrasound (1) : understand ultrasound; longitudinal wave with frequency greater than 20 kHz

6.5.3 Using ultrasound (2) : understand piezoelectric effect; ultrasound transducer as a device that emits and receives ultrasound

6.5.3 Using ultrasound (3) : understand ultrasound A-scan and B-scan

6.5.3 Using ultrasound (4) : understand acoustic impedance of a medium; Z = pc

6.5.3 Using ultrasound (5) : understand reflection of ultrasound at a boundary Ir/I0 = (z2-z1)^2 / (z2 + z1)^2

6.5.3 Using ultrasound (6) : understand impedance (acoustic) matching; special gel used in ultrasound scanning
ultrasound_hw

6.5.3 Using ultrasound (7) : understand Doppler effect in ultrasound; speed of blood in the patient; delta f / f = 2vcos(theta) / c for determining the speed of blood.

1.1 understand application of algebra i.e. multiplication by constant, binomial expansion, removing a common factor ,factorisation,using the principle of the lowest common multiple (LCM)
ctec_engineering_maths_1.1_expanding_hw

1.2 understand simplification of polynomials i.e. factorising a cubic, algebraic division, the remainder and factor theorems
ctec_engineering_maths_1.1_factorising_hw

1.3 know how to simplify and solve equations

1.4 know how to transpose formulae i.e.containing two like terms, containing a root or a power

1.5 know how to solve linear simultaneous equations with two unknowns using: graphical interpretation & algebraic methods (elimation & substitution method)
ctec_engineering_maths_1.5_simultaneous_equations_hw

1.6 know how to solve quadratic equations i.e. sketching of quadratic graphs, factorisation method, completing the squares, using the quadratic formula

2.1a know how to use co-ordinate geometry: straight line equations i.e. equation of a line through two points, gradient of parallel lines, gradient of perpendicular lines, mid-point of a line, distance between two points ; curve sketching i.e. graphs of y = kx^n, graphical solution of cubic functions
ctec_engineering_maths_2.1_straight_line_graphs_hw

2.1b know curve sketching i.e. graphs of y = kx^n, graphical solution of cubic functions

2.1c understand graphical transformations i.e. translation by addition, transformation by multiplication ( Stretches,& reflections)
ctec_engineering_maths_2.1_function_transformations_hw

3.1 know problem solving using exponentials and logarithms i.e. y = e^ax, y = e ^-ax, e^ y= x, lnx = y

3.2 know how to use inverse function and log laws
ctec_engineering_maths_3.2_logs_hw

4.1 know angles and radians i.e. define the terms angle and radian, the formulae x radians = 180.x/pi degrees , x degrees = pi.x/180 radians

4.2 understand problem solving with arcs, circles and sectors i.e. the formula for the length of an arc of a\ncircle , the formula for the area of a sector of a circle, the co-ordinate equation of a circle to determine the centre & radius of the circle
ctec_engineering_maths_4.1_4.2_circles_hw

4.3 understand problem solving involving right-angled triangles i.e. what is meant by the term solution of a triangle, Pythagoras Theorem , use of sine, cosine and tangent rule for right-angled triangles, the formulae for the area of a right-angled triangle
ctec_engineering_maths_4.3_right_angle_triangles_hw

4.4 understand problem solving involving non-right angled triangles i.e. sine rule, cosine rule, area
ctec_engineering_maths_4.4_cosine_rule_hw
ctec_engineering_maths_4.4_sine_rule_hw

4.5 know common trigonometric values e.g. sin30 = ½

4.6 know common trigonometric identitites e.g. sin(A) = cos(90-A)

4.7a know sine, cosine and tangent operations i.e. graphs of y = sin x , y = cos x and y = tan x for a range of angles for 0 to 360
ctec_engineering_maths_4.7_trig_graphs_hw

4.7b Be able to determine the sine, cosine and tangent of any angle between 0 and 360

5.1 understand problem solving involving differentiation

5.1a know how to determine gradients of a simple curve using graphical methods

5.1b know the rule to differentiate simple algebraic functions

5.1c know how to determine the maximum and minimum turning points and the co-ordinates of the turning points by differentiating the equation twice
ctec_engineering_maths_5.1_turning_points_hw

5.1d know how to differentiate functions of the form y=x^n, y=sinax , y= cos ax , y = tan ax , y = e^ax , y = ln ax , y = a^x , y = log x
ctec_engineering_maths_5.1_differentiation_hw

5.2 know how to solve problems involving indefinite integration

5.2a know how to define indefinite integration

5.2b know how to recognise the symbol ∫ for integration

5.2c know the rule to integrate functions of the form ax^n, 1/x, e^ax, sin(ax), cos(ax)
ctec_engineering_maths_5.2_indefinite_integration_hw

5.3 know how to problem solve involving definite integrals

5.3a know the rule for a definite integral

5.3b know the notation & interpretation of a definite integral

5.3c know how to integrate functions of the form x^n, 1/x, e^ax, sin(kx), cos(kx)
ctec_engineering_maths_5.3_definite_integration_hw

6.1 understand the terms *data handling* and *sampling*

6.2 know how to problem solve involving histograms, frequency polygons and cumulative frequency curves

6.3 know how to problem solve for a set of data i.e.normal distribution, arithmetic mean, mode, median, percentiles, quartiles, distribution curve, positive skew, negative skew, variance, standard deviation
ctec_engineering_maths_6.3_quartiles_and_percentiles_hw

6.4 know how to problem solve using probability i.e. expectation , dependent event without replacement, independent event with replacement

6.5 know the addition law of probability and the multiplication law of probability
ctec_engineering_maths_6.4_probability_hw

1.1 Know the seven SI base units, SI derived units with special names and symbols, SI prefixes, SI derived quantities
ctec_engineering_science_1.1_units_hw

1.2 Know definitions of measurement and terms related to measurement
ctec_engineering_science_1.2_1.5_measurement_terms_and_instruments_hw

1.3 Understand the formulae for: relative error, absolute error, absolute correction and relative correction

1.4 Know how to calculate the standard deviation and the standard error of the mean
ctec_engineering_science_1.3_1.4_errors_and_standard_deviation_hw

1.5 Kow how to use instruments for taking measurements

2.1a Understand the difference between scalars and vectors

2.1b Know how to determine the resultant of two vectors using a vector triangle & calculating the resultant of two perpendicular vectors
scalars_and_vectors_hw

2.1c Understand resolving a vector into perpendicular components
resolving_forces_hw

2.1d Know use of graphical methods to represent distance travelled, displacement, speed, velocity and acceleration

2.2 Kinematics

2.2a Understand determination of distance travelled by calculating the area under a speed - time graph

2.2b Understand determination of velocity by using the gradient of a displacement - time graph speed by using the gradient of a distance - time graph

2.2c Understand determination of acceleration by using the gradient of a velocity - time graph
motion_graphs_hw

2.2d Understand use of the equations which represent uniformly accelerated motion in a straight line
equations_of_motion_hw

2.2e know that mass is the property of a body which resists change in velocity

2.2f Understand use of the formula for density of a material

2.3 Dynamics

2.3a Understand the formula for resultant force and definition of the Newton
resultant_force_hw

2.3b Understand use of the formula for weight, which acts at a single point called the centre of gravity

2.3c Definition of a couple

2.3d Calculating the moment of a force and the torque of a couple
moments_hw

2.3e The definition (requirements) for equilibrium

2.4 Force, work and power

2.4a The Joule and use of the formula for work done
work_hw

2.4b Meaning of and formula for kinetic and gravitational potential energy
energy_transformations_hw

2.4c The relationship between mechanical power, work done and time, including the formula, and the unit of the Watt

3.1 Atomic structure and electric current

3.2 Understand the term Coulomb and use of the formula for charge
charge_and_current_hw

3.3 Understand electron flow and current flow in conductors, semiconductors and insulators

3.4 Understand potential difference and the formulae relating to: energy and charge, and power and current
voltage_and_energy_hw

3.5 Understand current-potential difference characteristics for: a metallic conductor at constant temperature, a filament lamp and a semiconductor diode

3.6 Understand resistance and Ohms law for resistive circuits
ohms_law_hw

3.7 Know how to calculate the total resistance and total current for a circuit that is a combination of resistors connected in series and parallel
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_1.1_series_and_parallel_resistance_hw

3.8 Understand use of formulae for electrical power and energy
electrical_power_and_energy_hw

3.9 Know how to use the kilowatt-hour as a unit of energy

3.10 Understand that the efficiency of a system is the ratio of work output to work input

3.11 Understand the term resistivity and use of the formula for resistivity

3.12 Understand the term temperature coefficient of resistance

3.13 Understand use of graphs to show the variation with temperature of a pure resistor and of a negative temperature coefficient thermistor

3.14 Understand use of the formula for the magnitude of the uniform electric field strength (E) between charged parallel plates

3.15 Understand the terms capacitance (C) and farad (F), and their definitions

3.16 The formulae for energy stored in a capacitor

3.17 How to draw a graph for a capacitor discharging through a resistor of (a) potential difference against time and (b) current against time

3.18 The significance of a time constant for the discharge of a capacitor and use of the formula for time constant

3.19 Use of the formula for the discharge voltage of a capacitor
ctec_engineering_science_3.15_3.19_capacitors_hw.json

3.20 The terms inductance (L) and the definition of the henry (H) as the unit of inductance
ctec_engineering_science_3.20_3.21_inductors_hw

3.21 Use of the formula for the self-inductance of a coil and the formula for energy stored in the magnetic field of a coil

4.1 Elastic deformation, in terms of the separation of atoms in a solid material

4.2 That the resultant force between two atoms in a crystal is the vector sum of an attractive force and a repulsive force

4.3 Basic material properties: ductility, brittleness, toughness, stiffness, resilience, endurance, hardness and malleability

4.4 What is meant by the term equilibrium separation

4.5 Plastic deformation: in terms of slip, and why plastic deformation happens more easily when dislocations are present in a solid material

4.6 Understand the difference between the drift velocity and root mean square (r.m.s) speed of an electron which forms part of an electric current in a solid

4.7 Understand application of the drift velocity formula for current
ctec_engineering_science_3.11_4.7_resistivity_and_drift_velocity_hw

4.8 Understand that deformation is caused by a tensile or compressive force

4.9 Hookes Law

4.10 Understand what is meant by the terms: elastic limit, stress, strain and Youngs modulus
ctec_engineering_science_4.1_4.15_materials_continued_hw.json

4.11 Understand the difference between elastic and plastic deformation of a material

4.12 Understand how to calculate the strain energy in a deformed material from a force-extension graph
ctec_engineering_science_4.1_4.15_materials_intro_hw

4.13 The term ultimate tensile stress

4.14 How to draw force-extension graphs for typical brittle, ductile and polymeric materials showing that there is a difference for various materials

4.15 What is meant by the terms non-destructive testing and destructive testing

5.1 Definition of a fluid

5.2 Know the definitions of pressure, gauge pressure and absolute pressure

5.3 Understand that pressure exerted on any point on a surface in a fluid is always at right angles to the surface

5.4 Understand that pressure at any point in a fluid is the same in all directions at that point

5.5 Knhow how to use the formula for pressure due to a column of liquid
ctec_engineering_science_5.2_5.6_pressure_hw

5.6 Understand archimedes principle

5.7 Understand fluid flow: ideal fluid, streamline or laminar, turbulent flow and boundary layers

5.8 Know the definition of viscosity

6.1 Understand the non-flow energy equation

6.2 Understand the steady flow energy equation

6.3 Know the definition of internal energy

6.4 Know the Thermodynamic (Kelvin) scale and definition of absolute zero

6.5 Understand Boyles law and its equation

6.6 Understand Charles law and its equation

6.7 Understand the Pressure law and its equation

6.8 Understand the Combined gas law and its equation

6.9 Understand the Ideal and characteristic gas equations
ctec_engineering_science_6.4_6.9_gases_hw

6.10 Understand the term specific heat capacity and the equation for heat energy or sensible heat

6.11 Understand the efficiency equation

6.12 Understand the terms sensible heat and latent heat

6.13 Understand the latent heat formula
ctec_engineering_science_6.1_6.4_heat_and_temperature_hw

1.1 Different types of loading that could be applied to a mechanical component: directing forces, turning forces (moments & torque), shear forces

1.2 Resolve a force into its orthogonal components
ctec_engineering_mechanical_principles_1.2_resolving_forces_hw

1.3 Systems of co-planar forces i.e. concurrent & non-concurrent forces

1.4 Diagrammatic representations of engineering problems using force diagrams

1.5 How mechanical engineering situations can be represented by particle & rigid body mechanics

1.6 Conditions of equilibrium for systems of forces

1.7 How to determine the resultant of a set of co-planar forces and hence determine the equilibrant of those forces

1.7 Resolve a force into its orthogonal components
ctec_engineering_mechanical_principles_1.7_resultant_forces_hw

1.8 How materials respond to direct axial loading, both in tension and compression

1.9 The terms stress, strain and Youngs modulus, and application of their formulae in axially loaded components

1.10 Representation of material behaviour on a generic stress vs strain graph i.e. elastic deformation, elastic limit, in-elastic and plastic deformation, ultimate stress, factor of safety

1.11 Formulae to calculate the shear stress in a component under shear loading
ctec_engineering_mechanical_principles_1.11_shear_stress_hw

2.1 Calculation of the area of irregular 2D shapes

2.2 Calculation of the volume of a regular prism of know n cross sectional area and length

2.3 Calculation of the mass of a body of known volume and uniform density
ctec_engineering_mechanical_principles_2.1_2.3_solid_shapes_hw

2.4 The significance of the centroid of a body as its centre of gravity/centre of mass

2.5 The use of axes of symmetry of a uniform 2D figure to find its centroid

2.6 The position of the centroid of common non-symmetrical 2D shapes i.e. right-angled triangle & semi-circle

2.7 The use of moment of area of uniform regular 2D shapes to find the position of the centroid of more complex uniform irregular shapes
ctec_engineering__mechanical_principles_2.7_centroids_hw

3.1 Concepts of mechanical advantage (MA) and velocity ratio (VR) applied to: levers, systems of pulleys & gears
ctec_engineering_mechanical_principles_3.1_pulleys_hw

3.2 The three classes of lever i.e. class one, class two and class three

3.3 Different types of gears and gear systems, and their applications i.e.: spur gears, compound spur gears, idler gears, chain driven sprockets, bevel gears, rack and pinion, wormgear and wormwheel

3.4 Calculation of MA and VR for spur gears

3.5 Calculation of MA and VR for simple compound spur gear systems
ctec_engineering_mechanical_principles_3.3_3.5_gears_hw

3.6 Different types of pulley and belt drive systems and their applications i.e.: V-belts, flat belts, toothed belts

3.7 Calculation of the MA and VR for the named belt drive systems above

4.1 Different types of beams and their support conditions. i.e.: simply supported, cantilever, continuous & encastre

4.2 Different types of loading applied to beams i.e. point & uniformly distributed loads

4.3 How to calculate, using conditions of static equilibrium, the reactions of beams. i.e. simply supported & cantilever
ctec_engineering__mechanical_principles_4.1_4.3_beams_hw

4.4 How to calculate the bending moment at any point in simply supported or cantilever beams with point loading

4.5 How to draw a bending moment diagram for a simply supported or cantilever beam with point loading
ctec_engineering_mechanical_principles_4.4_4.5_beam_diagrams_hw

5.1 How to apply Newtons Laws of Motion in a mechanical engineering context

5.2 How to apply the constant acceleration formulae to problems set in a mechanical engineering context

5.3The principle of conservation of energy and how to apply this principle to problems involving kinetic and gravitational potential energy

5.4 The relationship between work done on a body and the change in energy of that body

5.5 Application of equations for energy and work done to problems set in a mechanical engineering context i.e. gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy and work done

5.6 Use of the equations for power to solve problems set in a mechanical engineering context i.e instantaneous power and average power

5.7 The action of a friction force between a body and a rough surface and how to apply the equation F <= uN
ctec_engineering_mechanical_principles_5.7_friction_hw

5.8 Apply the principle of conservation of momentum to bodies experiencing elastic collisions
conservation_of_momentum_hw

1.1 Understand fundamental electrical principles application of the defining equations for: resistance, power, energy, resistors connected in series, resistors connected in parallel
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_1.1_series_and_parallel_resistance_hw

1.2 understand measurement of voltage, current and resistance in a circuit using a: voltmeter, ammeter, ohmmeter, multimeter
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_1.2_circuit_measurement_hw

1.3 understand DC circuit theory, i.e. calculation of the total resistance and total current for a circuit that is a combination of resistors connected in series and parallel

1.3b understand Kirchhoffs first law and its application

1.3c understand Kirchhoffs second law and its application
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_1.3_kirchoffs_laws_hw

1.3d understand the maximum power transfer theorem
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_1.3_max_power_transfer_hw

2.1 understand what is meant by a simple generator (operation, energy transfer)

2.2 understand what is meant by an alternating current (AC) and generated electromotive force (e.m.f.)

2.3 understand diagrammatic representations of a sine wave: Amplitude, peak(maximum), peak-to-peak, frequency, periodic time

2.4 know to determine frequency and amplitude of a sine wave

2.5 know how to to state and apply the formulae: v = vmax*sin(theta), I = Imax*sin(theta), v = vmax*sin(w*t), I = Imax*sin(w*t), f=1/T, omega = 2*pi*f

2.6 know how to to determine the phase difference and phase angle in alternating quantities
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_2.1_2.6_ac_signals_hw

2.7 Understand ac circuit diagrams and phasor diagrams with an AC supply for a pure resistance, a pure capacitance and a pure inductance

2.7b understand circuit diagrams and phasor diagrams for a resistance and capacitance in series, and a resistance and inductance in series

2.8 understand application of the defining equation for reactance (X) and impedance (Z) for: pure resistance, a pure capacitance and a pure inductance
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_2.8_reactance_hw

2.9 understand application of the defining equation for impedance for resistance and capacitance in series, and a resistance and inductance in series

2.10 Understand circuit diagrams and phasor diagrams where a resistance, inductance and capacitance is in series with an AC supply when XL > XC, XC > XL and XC = XL

2.11 understand application of the defining equation for impedance for RLC series circuit when XL > XC, XC > XL and XC = XL
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_2.7_2.11_rlc_phasors_hw

3.1 understand the difference between motors and generators

3.2 understand application of the defining equation for a motor and generator

3.3a understand the type of field winding and action of a separately excited DC generator

3.3b understand the type of field winding and action of a series-wound self-excited DC generator and shunt-wound self-excited DC generator

3.3c understand the type of field winding and action of a: series-wound DC motor and shunt-wound DC motor

3.4a understand application of the defining equations for a: separately excited DC generator

3.4b understand application of the defining equations for a: series-wound self-excited DC generator and shunt-wound self-excited DC generator

3.4c understand application of the defining equations for a: series-wound DC motor and shunt-wound DC motor

3.5a understand applications for a: separately excited DC generator

3.5b understand applications for a: series wound self-excited DC generator and shunt-wound self-excited DC generator

3.5c understand applications for a: series-wound DC motor and shunt-wound DC motor

3.6 Understand DC motor starters to include a no-volt trip coil and an overload current trip coil

3.7 know how the speed of a DC shunt motor and a series DC motor can be changed
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_3.1_3.37_motors_and_generators_hw

4.1 Understand the meaning of an alternating and direct current supply

4.2a understand the distribution of electrical energy using single-phase 2-wire system

4.2b understand the distribution of electrical energy using single-phase 3-wire system

4.2c understand the distribution of electrical energy using three phase 3- wire Delta connected system

4.2d understand the distribution of electrical energy using three phase 4-wire Star connected system

4.2e understand how an alternating current can be rectified to a half wave direct current using a single diode

4.2f understand how full wave rectification can be obtained by using two diodes

4.2g understand how full wave rectification can be obtained by using four diodes in a bridge configuration

4.3 Understand the capability of load regulation to maintain a constant voltage or current level on the output of a power supply regardless of changes in the supply load

4.4 know how to draw a labelled block diagram of a stabilised power supply showing AC input, transformer, rectifier, smoothing circuit, stabilising circuit, DC output
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_4.4_power_supplies_hw

4.5 Understand power-system protection

4.6 Explain, with the aid of labelled diagrams, how power supplies and electrical components can be protected by: current limiting resistors, diodes, fuses, circuit breakers
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_4.5_circuit_protection_hw

5.1 Know the definition of an analogue circuit

5.2 Know how to explain with the aid of a labelled diagram the characteristics of an operational amplifier (op- amp)

5.3 Know how to draw a labelled diagram of an op-amp

5.4 Understand characteristic properties of an ideal op-amp
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_5.4_op_amp_characteristics_hw

5.5a Know how to draw a labelled diagram and explain the function of an inverting amplifier

5.5b Know how to draw a labelled diagram and explain the function of a non-inverting amplifier

5.5c Know how to draw a labelled diagram and explain the function of a summing amplifier

5.6a Understand application of the defining equation for gain in an inverting amplifier

5.6b Understand application of the defining equation for gain in a non inverting amplifier
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_5.6_op_amp_circuits_hw

5.7 State and apply the formula for a summing amplifier
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_5.7_op_amp_circuits_2_hw

6.1 Understand the definition of a digital electronic circuit

6.2 Know how to draw a labelled diagram (symbol) and explain the function of the logic gates: AND, NAND, OR, NOR, NOT, XOR

6.3 Know how to construt truth tables for the logic gates: AND, NAND, OR, NOR, NOT, XOR
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_6.3_intro_to_digital_systems_hw

6.4 Know how to solve simple combinational logic problems
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_6.4_logic_gates_hw
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_6.4_truth_tables_hw

6.5 Know how to recognise simple Boolean expressions
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_6.5_boolean_algebra_hw

6.6a Know how to explain with the aid of a circuit symbol the function of a T type bistable flip flop

6.6b Know how to explain with the aid of a circuit symbol the function of a D type bistable flip flop

6.7 Know how to explain the behaviour of a rising-edge triggered D flip-flop
ctec_engineering_electrical_principles_6.7_D_type_flip_flops_hw